Might it be similar to polystyrene leaching the plasticiser from the PVC sheath of the cable but not going in far enough to actually destroy it or reach the cores, rather than overheating?
Your assessment of the likely load upstairs is going to be better than mine and a vital part of the design process, but I never have more than a couple of bedside luminaires (were 60W, now 10W LED) an alarm clock (4W) and a telly (32W) and DVD player (25W), so well under 1 amp for the lot...
If 16mm tails have been in use by the same occupants for 50 years without showing distress, and there hasn't been any recent drastic change such as a new electric shower added or teenage grandchildren moving in, it seems a bit harsh to give anything worse than C3.
BS1363 plugs and sockests were only ever for AC. I suspect it was because the BS1362 fuses were unsuitable for DC. The 1947 sockets were unswitched, then there was a different British Standard for switched 13A sockets (BS2814:1957) that was later incorporated in BS1363.
There shouldn't be much more to it. Does the ballast have the usual diagram on it showing mains in to one pair of terminals and a pair of terminals to each end of the tube?
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